100 essential body tests – Introduction
A full body checkup is a comprehensive medical examination that evaluates overall health by assessing various bodily functions through a series of tests. It helps in early detection of diseases, monitors existing conditions, and ensures optimal well-being. Regular health checkups can prevent severe health complications by identifying risk factors before they escalate.
This guide covers the importance of full body checkups, a detailed list of 90 essential tests, their normal ranges, and the effects of abnormal levels on the body.
Table of Contents
100 essential body tests – Why Full Body Checkup is Important?
A full body checkup is a comprehensive health assessment that helps detect diseases early, monitor existing conditions, and prevent future health risks. Here’s why it’s crucial:
1. Early Detection of Silent Diseases
Many life-threatening conditions (like diabetes, high cholesterol, hypertension, and cancer) show no symptoms in early stages. A full body test identifies these issues before complications arise.
2. Preventive Healthcare – 100 essential body tests
- Identifies risk factors (e.g., high LDL cholesterol → heart disease).
- Allows lifestyle changes (diet, exercise) before problems worsen.
- Reduces long-term treatment costs by catching diseases early.
3. Monitoring Chronic Conditions – 100 essential body tests
For people with diabetes, thyroid disorders, or heart disease, regular tests:
- Track blood sugar, cholesterol, and organ function.
- Help doctors adjust medications for better control.
4. Family & Genetic Risk Assessment – 100 essential body tests
If you have a family history of:
- Heart disease → Lipid profile & cardiac tests are vital.
- Diabetes → HbA1c & glucose monitoring is essential.
- Cancer → Tumor markers (PSA, CA-125) should be checked.
5. Lifestyle & Occupational Risks – 100 essential body tests
- Smokers & drinkers → Need liver and lung function tests.
- Sedentary workers → Require diabetes and cholesterol screening.
- High-stress jobs → Should check cortisol and blood pressure.
6. Peace of Mind – 100 essential body tests
- Confirms good health or detects problems early.
- Reduces anxiety about undiagnosed conditions.
Who Should Get a Full Body Checkup? – 100 essential body tests
✔ Adults 30+ (yearly for early disease detection).
✔ People with chronic diseases (diabetes, hypertension).
✔ Those with family history of serious illnesses.
✔ Smokers, heavy drinkers, obese individuals.
✔ Anyone planning to start intense fitness routines.
Key Tests in a Full Body Checkup – 100 essential body tests
| Category | Tests Included |
|---|---|
| Blood Tests | CBC, Lipid Profile, Blood Sugar, Liver & Kidney Function |
| Heart Health | ECG, Troponin, Cholesterol |
| Cancer Screening | PSA (Men), CA-125 (Women), CEA |
| Hormones | Thyroid (TSH), Testosterone, Estrogen |
| Vitamins | Vitamin D, B12, Iron |
100 essential body tests – Conclusion
100 essential body tests – A full body checkup is not just for the sick—it’s a smart preventive measure for everyone. Early detection saves lives, reduces treatment costs, and ensures a healthier future.
Table of 100 Medical Tests with Purpose, Normal Range, and High Effects
| Test Name | Purpose | Normal Range (Male / Female) | High Effects (Male & Female) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Hemoglobin (Hb) | Measures oxygen-carrying capacity | M: 13.5–17.5 g/dL F: 12–15.5 g/dL | Polycythemia, dehydration, lung disease |
| 2. RBC Count | Evaluates red blood cell levels | M: 4.5–5.5 million/µL F: 4.0–5.0 million/µL | Dehydration, lung disease |
| 3. WBC Count | Checks immune system function | 4,000–11,000/µL (Both) | Infection, leukemia, inflammation |
| 4. Platelet Count | Assesses blood clotting ability | 150,000–450,000/µL (Both) | Blood clots, bone marrow disorders |
| 5. Hematocrit (HCT) | Measures red blood cell volume | M: 38.8–50% F: 34.9–44.5% | Dehydration, polycythemia |
| 6. MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume) | Checks RBC size | 80–100 fL (Both) | Vitamin B12/folate deficiency (if high) |
| 7. MCH (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin) | Measures hemoglobin per RBC | 27–33 pg (Both) | Macrocytic anemia (if high) |
| 8. MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration) | Checks hemoglobin concentration in RBCs | 32–36 g/dL (Both) | Spherocytosis (if high) |
| 9. RDW (Red Cell Distribution Width) | Evaluates RBC size variation | 11.5–14.5% (Both) | Anemia, nutritional deficiencies |
| 10. ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate) | Detects inflammation | M: 0–15 mm/hr F: 0–20 mm/hr | Infection, autoimmune diseases |
| 11. CRP (C-Reactive Protein) | Measures inflammation | <10 mg/L (Both) | Infection, heart disease risk |
| 12. Total Cholesterol | Assesses heart disease risk | <200 mg/dL (Both) | Atherosclerosis, stroke risk |
| 13. LDL Cholesterol | “Bad” cholesterol check | <100 mg/dL (Both) | Plaque buildup, heart attack risk |
| 14. HDL Cholesterol | “Good” cholesterol check | M: >40 mg/dL F: >50 mg/dL | Lower risk of heart disease (if high) |
| 15. Triglycerides | Fat storage measurement | <150 mg/dL (Both) | Pancreatitis, metabolic syndrome |
| 16. VLDL Cholesterol | Very low-density lipoprotein check | 2–30 mg/dL (Both) | Heart disease risk |
| 17. Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) | Diabetes screening | 70–100 mg/dL (Both) | Prediabetes, diabetes |
| 18. Postprandial Blood Sugar (PPBS) | Checks sugar after meals | <140 mg/dL (Both) | Diabetes risk |
| 19. HbA1c (Glycated Hemoglobin) | 3-month sugar average | <5.7% (Both) | Poor diabetes control |
| 20. Insulin (Fasting) | Evaluates insulin resistance | 2–20 µIU/mL (Both) | Type 2 diabetes risk |
| 21. ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase) | Liver enzyme test | M: 7–56 U/L F: 7–35 U/L | Liver damage, hepatitis |
| 22. AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase) | Liver/heart enzyme test | M: 10–40 U/L F: 9–32 U/L | Liver disease, heart attack |
| 23. ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase) | Bone/liver enzyme test | 44–147 U/L (Both) | Liver disease, bone disorders |
| 24. Total Bilirubin | Jaundice indicator | 0.1–1.2 mg/dL (Both) | Liver/gallbladder disease |
| 25. Direct Bilirubin | Bile duct function | 0–0.3 mg/dL (Both) | Bile duct obstruction |
| 26. Indirect Bilirubin | Hemolysis evaluation | 0.2–0.8 mg/dL (Both) | Hemolytic anemia |
| 27. Total Protein | Nutritional status check | 6.0–8.3 g/dL (Both) | Dehydration, chronic inflammation |
| 28. Albumin | Liver/kidney function | 3.5–5.0 g/dL (Both) | Dehydration (if high) |
| 29. Globulin | Immune protein levels | 2.0–3.5 g/dL (Both) | Chronic infections, autoimmune diseases |
| 30. A/G Ratio (Albumin/Globulin Ratio) | Liver/kidney health | 1.0–2.0 (Both) | Liver disease (if low), dehydration (if high) |
| 31. Creatinine | Kidney function test | M: 0.7–1.3 mg/dL F: 0.6–1.1 mg/dL | Kidney dysfunction, muscle breakdown |
| 32. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) | Kidney filtration test | 7–20 mg/dL (Both) | Dehydration, kidney disease |
| 33. Uric Acid | Gout risk assessment | M: 3.4–7.0 mg/dL F: 2.4–6.0 mg/dL | Gout, kidney stones |
| 34. Calcium (Total) | Bone/metabolic health | 8.5–10.2 mg/dL (Both) | Hyperparathyroidism, kidney stones |
| 35. Ionized Calcium | Active calcium levels | 4.6–5.3 mg/dL (Both) | Hypercalcemia, kidney issues |
| 36. Phosphorus | Bone/kidney function | 2.5–4.5 mg/dL (Both) | Kidney disease, bone disorders |
| 37. Magnesium | Muscle/nerve function | 1.7–2.2 mg/dL (Both) | Kidney dysfunction (if high) |
| 38. Sodium (Na+) | Electrolyte balance | 135–145 mEq/L (Both) | Dehydration, kidney disease |
| 39. Potassium (K+) | Heart/muscle function | 3.5–5.0 mEq/L (Both) | Heart arrhythmia, kidney failure |
| 40. Chloride | Acid-base balance | 96–106 mEq/L (Both) | Dehydration, kidney disease |
| 41. TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) | Thyroid function | 0.4–4.0 mIU/L (Both) | Hypothyroidism (if high) |
| 42. Free T4 (Thyroxine) | Thyroid hormone level | 0.8–1.8 ng/dL (Both) | Hyperthyroidism (if high) |
| 43. Free T3 (Triiodothyronine) | Active thyroid hormone | 2.3–4.2 pg/mL (Both) | Hyperthyroidism (if high) |
| 44. Total Testosterone | Male hormone levels | M: 300–1,000 ng/dL F: 15–70 ng/dL | Polycystic ovary syndrome (in women), aggression (in men) |
| 45. Estradiol (E2) | Female hormone levels | M: 10–50 pg/mL F: 15–350 pg/mL | Hormonal imbalance, breast cancer risk |
| 46. Progesterone | Female reproductive health | F: Varies by cycle | Ovarian cysts (if high) |
| 47. Prolactin | Breast milk hormone | M: 2–18 ng/mL F: 3–30 ng/mL | Pituitary tumors, infertility |
| 48. LH (Luteinizing Hormone) | Reproductive health | M: 1.5–9.3 IU/L F: Varies by cycle | Menopause, PCOS (in women) |
| 49. FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) | Fertility assessment | M: 1.4–18.1 IU/L F: Varies by cycle | Menopause, testicular failure (in men) |
| 50. Cortisol (AM) | Stress hormone check | 6–23 mcg/dL (Both) | Cushing’s syndrome, anxiety |
| Test Name | Purpose | Normal Range (Male / Female) | High Effects (Male & Female) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 51. DHEA-S (Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate) | Adrenal gland function | M: 100–600 µg/dL F: 30–500 µg/dL | PCOS, adrenal tumors |
| 52. PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) | Prostate cancer screening | M: <4 ng/mL F: N/A | Prostate enlargement, cancer risk |
| 53. CA-125 (Cancer Antigen 125) | Ovarian cancer marker | F: <35 U/mL M: Rarely tested | Ovarian cancer, endometriosis |
| 54. CA 19-9 (Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9) | Pancreatic/colon cancer marker | <37 U/mL (Both) | Pancreatic cancer, gallbladder disease |
| 55. CEA (Carcinoembryonic Antigen) | Colon cancer marker | <2.5 ng/mL (Non-smokers) <5 ng/mL (Smokers) | Colon cancer, lung tumors |
| 56. AFP (Alpha-Fetoprotein) | Liver cancer marker | <10 ng/mL (Both) | Liver cancer, hepatitis |
| 57. Beta-2 Microglobulin | Multiple myeloma marker | 0.8–2.2 mg/L (Both) | Kidney disease, blood cancers |
| 58. Ferritin | Iron storage levels | M: 20–500 ng/mL F: 10–200 ng/mL | Hemochromatosis, liver disease |
| 59. Iron (Serum) | Iron deficiency check | M: 60–170 µg/dL F: 40–150 µg/dL | Hemochromatosis, liver damage |
| 60. TIBC (Total Iron-Binding Capacity) | Iron transport capacity | 250–450 µg/dL (Both) | Iron deficiency (if high) |
| 61. Transferrin Saturation | Iron utilization | M: 20–50% F: 15–45% | Hemochromatosis (if high) |
| 62. Vitamin D (25-OH) | Bone/immune health | 30–100 ng/mL (Both) | Hypercalcemia (rare) |
| 63. Vitamin B12 | Nerve/blood cell health | 200–900 pg/mL (Both) | No major risks (if high) |
| 64. Folate (Serum) | DNA synthesis check | 3–20 ng/mL (Both) | Can mask B12 deficiency |
| 65. Homocysteine | Heart disease risk | <15 µmol/L (Both) | Heart disease, stroke risk |
| 66. Lipoprotein (a) | Genetic heart risk | <30 mg/dL (Both) | Atherosclerosis, clotting risk |
| 67. ApoA1 (Apolipoprotein A1) | HDL function marker | M: 90–170 mg/dL F: 100–180 mg/dL | Lower heart disease risk (if high) |
| 68. ApoB (Apolipoprotein B) | LDL function marker | 60–120 mg/dL (Both) | Heart disease risk (if high) |
| 69. Lp-PLA2 (Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2) | Vascular inflammation | <200 ng/mL (Both) | Stroke, heart attack risk |
| 70. NT-proBNP | Heart failure marker | <125 pg/mL (Both) | Heart failure, fluid overload |
| 71. Troponin I | Heart muscle damage | <0.04 ng/mL (Both) | Heart attack, myocarditis |
| 72. CK-MB (Creatine Kinase-MB) | Heart injury test | 5–25 IU/L (Both) | Heart attack, muscle damage |
| 73. Myoglobin | Muscle injury marker | <90 µg/L (Both) | Muscle breakdown, heart attack |
| 74. Amylase | Pancreas enzyme | 30–110 U/L (Both) | Pancreatitis, kidney disease |
| 75. Lipase | Pancreas function | 10–140 U/L (Both) | Pancreatitis, gallstones |
| 76. Urine Protein (24-Hour) | Kidney damage check | <150 mg/day (Both) | Kidney disease, diabetes |
| 77. Microalbuminuria | Early kidney damage | <30 mg/day (Both) | Diabetic nephropathy |
| 78. Urine Creatinine | Kidney filtration rate | Varies by age/gender | Muscle breakdown (if high) |
| 79. Urine Albumin/Creatinine Ratio (UACR) | Kidney disease screening | <30 mg/g (Both) | Kidney damage, diabetes risk |
| 80. Urine Specific Gravity | Hydration status | 1.005–1.030 (Both) | Dehydration (if high) |
| 81. Urine pH | Acid-base balance | 4.5–8.0 (Both) | Kidney stones, UTIs (if extreme) |
| 82. Urine Glucose | Diabetes indicator | Negative (Both) | Uncontrolled diabetes |
| 83. Urine Ketones | Fat metabolism check | Negative (Both) | Diabetic ketoacidosis |
| 84. Urine Bilirubin | Liver function | Negative (Both) | Liver disease, bile duct blockage |
| 85. Urine Urobilinogen | Liver/hemolysis check | 0.2–1.0 mg/dL (Both) | Liver disease, hemolytic anemia |
| 86. Urine RBC (Microscopic) | Kidney/bladder health | 0–2 RBCs/HPF (Both) | UTIs, kidney stones |
| 87. Urine WBC (Microscopic) | Infection detection | 0–5 WBCs/HPF (Both) | UTIs, kidney infections |
| 88. Urine Casts | Kidney tubule health | Rare (Both) | Kidney disease, dehydration |
| 89. Urine Crystals | Kidney stone risk | Rare (Both) | Kidney stones, metabolic disorders |
| 90. Semen Analysis (Male) | Fertility check | Varies by lab | Infection, hormonal imbalance |
| 91. Sperm Count | Male fertility | >15 million/mL | No major risks (if high) |
| 92. Sperm Motility | Sperm movement | >40% motile | Fertility issues (if low) |
| 93. Sperm Morphology | Sperm shape | >4% normal | Fertility issues (if low) |
| 94. Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) | Ovarian reserve (Female) | F: 1.0–4.0 ng/mL | PCOS (if high) |
| 95. FSH (Ovarian Reserve) | Female fertility | Varies by age | Menopause (if high) |
| 96. Estradiol (Fertility Check) | Ovarian function | F: Varies by cycle | Hormonal imbalance |
| 97. Prolactin (Fertility Check) | Breast milk hormone | M: 2–18 ng/mL F: 3–30 ng/mL | Pituitary tumors, infertility |
| 98. Cortisol (Saliva/24-Hr Urine) | Chronic stress check | Varies by test | Cushing’s syndrome |
| 99. IGF-1 (Growth Hormone Marker) | Pituitary function | Varies by age | Acromegaly (if high) |
| 100. Hb Electrophoresis | Hemoglobin disorders | Normal pattern (Both) | Thalassemia, sickle cell disease |
Key Takeaways from the Full 100-Test Panel
- Preventive Health – Detects silent diseases (diabetes, cancer, heart issues).
- Gender-Specific Needs – Tests like PSA (men) and CA-125 (women) are critical.
- Organ-Specific Markers – Liver (ALT/AST), kidney (creatinine), heart (troponin).
- Hormonal Balance – Thyroid (TSH), reproductive (testosterone/estradiol).
- Nutritional Status – Vitamins (D, B12), minerals (iron, calcium).
When to Get Tested?
- Ages 20–30: Basic CBC, lipid profile, blood sugar.
- Ages 30–40: Add hormones, cancer markers, organ function tests.
- Ages 40+: Full panel annually (especially heart, diabetes, cancer screens).
